Edison effect - Establishing a flow of charge between two elements in an evacuated tube.
Edison added a metallic electrode (cathode, electrically separate from the lamp filament) to the vacuum of the tube (bulb) and discovered that a one-way current (negative charge flowed from the hot filament through the vacuum to the metal electrode) was established between the metal electrode and the filament when a positive voltage (potentials across evacuated glass envelopes, a more positive charge than the filament) was applied to the metal electrode - the beginning of electronics era (Thomas Edison, in 1883).
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